Improvement in planing-machines



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

onAnLEs n. PENFIELD, or LocKPoEr, NEW YonK,Ass1eNoE To HI'MsELF Ann cEo. w. PENEIELD, 0E SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 44,7%1, dated October 18, 1864.

T0 all 1.071,0711, it puny concern/.-

Bc itknown that I, CHARLES R. PENFIELD, of Lockport, in the county ot' Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Dressing the Cheeks ot' Ships Tackle-Blocks and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the acconipanying drawings, making part of this specication.

Figure l is a plan of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a central vertical cross-section of the .drum that holds the blocks-to be dressed. Fig. 4 is a perspective view ot' the apparatus for operating the dogs that clamp the blocks. Fig. 5 is a view showing one of the' boxes that support the shaft ofthe cutter, and exhibiting more particnlarlythe arran gemcnt-.oithepat tern wheel or roller connected with the cutter. Fig.,6 is a viewof one of the patterns that give shape to the block, and the stop against which rests the block while being cut; Fig.

v7, a view of one of. the cams that'operate the said bleek being caught and held in place by self-acting dogs, and carried round to acutter, which gives .the`proper form in cutting the block, by means of patterns and wheels ot' the proper form, as will be hereinafter described.b y

As represented in the drawings, A is a suitable frame, in one end of which is mounted a drum, B, turning on an axis, e, and in the other end a sliding carriage, C, sustaining a cutter, D, whose axis b` rests in suitable boxes, E E. The drum and cutter are so relatively situated that the cutter is in contiguous posi` tion to cut the rough blocks as thedrum is re volved. rIhe drum is hollow. and is formed with plane surfaces c c c on its periphery. The form represented in the drawings is hexagonal, but any otherithat will accomplish the same result may be employed. Centrally on one side of each plane is secured a stationary dog, d, and at a suitable distance 1n front of itis situated a movable dog,f. The shank of l this dog extends through a slot, g, in the plane, and forms' a nut in which turns a screwshaft, G, whose opposite ends rest in suitable bearings in the drum. At the opposite end from the movable dog the shaft G is provided with a small pinion, h, (Figs. 3 and 4,) that engages with' the rack or worm i of a rod, H, that passes longitudinally out through thc opposite ends of the drum, sliding freely therein and projecting beyond, as shown in Fig. l. The rack or worm i extends entirely around the rod, as represented, and it will bel seen that it' the rod H be moved endwise, (as indicated by the arrow, Fig. 4,) the shaft G will be turned and the dogfmoved up, as iudicated by red lines. Consequently, it' the rough wood from which the tackle-block is to be turned be placed between the dogs d. f, it wiltbeelampcd and held lie-pluzef f---"--`"*- In order to produce the alternate end 1uotionsot' the rods H, to clamp the blocks for tion shown in Fig. l. The cam I is for elamp-1"V ing and K for releasing. The cam I is a cir' ele on the same line with the projecting ends of the rods H, and its top rests in near the end of the drum, so that as the latter comes up in the proper position for the operator to lay the rough block on it, the rod will commence gradually to moveinwarththus opera-ting the dog f and clamping the block. The block is carried forward in this position till after it has passed the cutter D, when the opposite end of the rod strikes the cam K and forces the dog j' back again, thus releasing the perfectly-formed block and allowing it to drop oft1 beneath-the machine. Since the rough blocks are sometimes somewhat irregular in shape and length, it is necessary to make th'e `vent splitting the block or breaking of the parts of the machine. This is of the greatest importance, for otherwise the machine would be inoperative. e K

In order to center the rough blocks as they, I

are placed on the planes of thev drum, I ein` ploy stops or pins m m, which are adiustable laterally to any desired extent to suit the size of the blocks. These stops pass through mortises e in pieces L L, secured at the' proper p0- sition to the planes, and which I denominate patterus,77 from their otiice, which is essentially to give form to the dressed blocks by acting on the cutter, as will hereinafter be described. These patterns have nibs or projee tions n at one end,that lit in corresponding holes in the planes, while at the opposite ends they have lian ges o, through which pass screws p to secure the patterns in place. It ismaauitest that by loosening the screws p the patterns may be sufficiently raised to allow the stops m to be adjusted out or in at pleasure, and when screwed down the stops are immovably held.

The periphery or outline edge of the patterns L is of the form shown most clearly in Figsl 2 and 3, which corresponds with the contour of the dressed block itself-that is, there is a central swell, u, with depressions v v on either side. 4

The carriage C rests in guides or ways M M, that allow it a free motion forward or backward, and it is held up in position against the drum by means of aweight, q, attached to a cord, 'r, passing over a pulley or equivalent on the frame, and attached to therear of the carriage. I prefer to employ a driving pulley, N, at each end of the cutter, in order to allow the carriage to move forward and backward more easily; vbut if desired but a single one may be employed. The knives s, attached to the cutter, are made hollowingor concave on their edges, as shown most 'clearly in Fig. 1, so as to perfectly form the rounded outline of the block. One of the boxes E of the cutter is provided with a projecting bearing, t, at the side, Fig. 5,'throngh which passes the' shaft b, and on this bearing, coincident with the pat terns, turns loosely a friction-wheel, P, The bearing t is essential to allow, the frictionwheel to run regularly and uniformly, which would not be the case were it to rest directly on the shaft of the cutter. A regular and uni\ form action of the frictionwheel is required to always keep it ou a line with the patterns, and were it to turn on the shaft loosely it would soon become displaced by wear.

'Ihus arranged it will be seen that the friction-wheel P, and consequently the cutter D, with which 'it is connected, will be moved back by coutactwith the curve u and follow forward the depressions@ of the patterns, and

the cutter, revolving rapidly, will dress theface ot the block of the corresponding shape. rlhe operation of the machine is obvious.

The dium is slowly revolved in the direction of the arrow, -Fig. 2, and the operator, standing at X, places the rough blocks, piece by piece, on the planes c, and the dogs f f move up automatically to clamp them in place, this action heilig caused by the ends of the rods 1I II coming in contact with the spring-cam '1. In this condition they are carried forward to the eut-ter, and the patterns and wheel L P give the outline forni to the blocks while they are being cut. The opposite ends ofthe rods II then come in contact with the cam K, reversing the dogs f, and releasiu g the finished block, which dropsv to the floor beneath the drum.

This form ofthe drum, as described,is essential, for the beds c e,.on which the blocks rest while being cnt, must be plane in order to secure a proper bearing, and at the same time they must move up, one after another, in regular succession, so that the blocks may.pass through quicklyin order to make the work expeditious and economical. A simple cylinder would not answer. And in connection with this peculiar drum, the arrangement of the dogs is` such as to catch and hold the blocks with the least difliculty and in the most.

effectual manner.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Let-ters Patent, is-

l. The combination and arrangement of the movable an d st aticnary dogs df'with thedrum, composed of the planes c c c, or their equivalent, in such a. manner that the planes present themselves successively to the operator and the dogs clamp the blocks ai'itomatically, substantially as herein 'setfortln 2. In combination with the dogf, the screwshaft G, provided with the pinion u, and the rod H, provided with the^ rack or worm i, the

means of the screw p and nib n when the same is used in combination with the stops m, for the purpose of adjusting and holding the latter, substantially as specified,

6. Providing theA box E with the bearing t, for the purpose of sustaining the frictionwheel P independent of the shaft I), substantially as described.

In witness whereof I .have hereunto signed my name ,in the presence of two'subscribing witnesses.

cuantas gn. rnNrinLD.

Witnesses: l

J. R.. COMPTON,- S. C. LEwls. 

